Try:
def __call__(self):
remove_bundle_on_request(self.request, 'plone-base')
Note: all other JavaScript won't work then...
Or - if you want to have jquery just removed or updated at all you can customize your bundle like described here: Image Captions from Plone 5.1
Apply the steps for the plone-base bundle.
If you want to use Plone's JavaScript functionality (probably, if you use the Plone default UI), I'd suggest to upgrade jQuery in the plone-base bundle and live with the fact that the drag/drop functionality won't work (resorting folder contents for example). Doing so I would not be surprised if JS still work at all if the drag/drop library throws an error.
The best options is @fulv's approach, if this works for you...
I hope we can upgrade jQuery soon...