tl;d: Not yet.
Since Volto relies/depends on the RESTAPI and the RESTAPI has not (yet) any entry points for portlets the answer is no.
See the comments under the following topic:
There you'll find a link to a branch that exposed portlets to the RESTAPI. But it seems abandoned b/c of lack of enough interest in the Volto world for portlets. (See comments in the mentioned topic)